AWS Zhang Xia the new trend of IT architecture and operation and maintenance in the cloud Era

 【51 CTO.com [original manuscript] from April 14 to 15, 2017, Wota global architecture and operation and maintenance technology summit hosted by 51CTO was solemnly held in Renaissance Beijing. Wota has set up 15 Frontier hot technology forums this time, and 60 + technology celebrities from Google, LinkedIn, airbnb, Baidu, Alibaba, Tencent and other first-line Internet companies at home and abroad will bring more than 50 architecture practical experience and successful experience sharing cases that have gone through precipitation, and jointly create a two-day top technology event in the industry. 


 at the main venue of wota2017 on the morning of April 14, Zhang Xia, the chief cloud computing enterprise consultant of AWS, gave a wonderful speech with the theme of "new trends of IT architecture and operation and maintenance in the cloud era". The following is the actual record of the speech, let's see it first! 


 Zhang Xia, chief cloud computing enterprise consultant of AWS 

 

 cloud computing is considered to be the most disruptive technology in the early 21st century. Why is its platform good? There are probably several reasons. One is to provide the depth and breadth of functions, and constantly push new content. Second, we have a good ecosystem. A large number of customers use scenarios, cases, and partners are also helping to do these things, so many things have ready-made solutions. 


 because cloud computing has the characteristics of operation and maintenance services, it has the advantages ofIt takes a long time to accumulate experience. What is the biggest advantage of cloud? The agility it brings enables it companies to make use of it innovation and try new applications quickly. If the model doesn't work, it can start over immediately. Because it can't change a few basic facts, the cloud can switch freely, the cloud can use freely without buying equipment, and it can open a lot of hosts in one or two minutes. The characteristics of the cloud are that many so-called private clouds can't be realized at all. It can't expand freely, it can't spend the cost of fixed assets, and it can't automatically respond to the changing demand of capacity. So the biggest feature of the cloud is to eliminate the constraints of speed and agility, which is the most important advantage of the cloud. In fact, there are many advantages, including cost reduction, globalization and so on, which are secondary to this. 


 in the cloud era, there are several trends in development. One is that rapid development is becoming more and more important. The whole system needs to be agile, and development needs to be very fast, so as to reduce risks and deliver quickly. Now there are some big trends, such as making some small and more focused applications, some apps with certain characteristics, focusing on some things, and being able to quickly respond to the needs and attempts of customers. These are the characteristics of the Internet. Try it quickly, and if not, quickly change a new method. Development testing is now the most responsive part in it. Why? How can unrestricted access to these resources, testing is the first way to start to reflect the product in the aws training portal market, in the customer's way, want to market faster, want to improve efficiency. All of these make the development easier Testing has become an opportunity for it to show whether it has the advantages of agility and quickness. 


 among the most important elements of IT architecture, security is very important; the reliability of the whole architecture is the best requirement of the whole operation and maintenance, including fast cross regional deployment, fast scaling function, efficient performance, optimized cost and excellent operation. In fact, no matter how the traditional operation and maintenance tools are used to improve the efficiency, no matter how they are used. In fact, great changes have taken place in the past few years after cloud computing. The biggest change is that cloud computing has gone through three steps. From the virtual machine to the container, the container should have heard more or less, and then to the function, there is another saying called the era of no server, there is no server at all. Take a look at the characteristics of each of these three eras: the world of virtual machines, the world of containers, and the world of functions. It is called AMI in virtual machine, container file in container and code in function. Then it launches virtual machines for hours to months, containers for minutes to days, and functions for seconds. Version control traditional virtual machine like server era patching, container and lambda is version control. To measure these computing capabilities, how many requests per second per hour per virtual machine and so on a series of changes. 


 the virtual machine was actually the main focus of Amazon's cloud computing ten years ago. wantTo do what? At that time, we studied how to build a virtual VPC, that is, a virtual, private system and cloud computing, and then to automatic scaling, how to manage data, storage and load balancing. The virtual era was isaca login launched by the first generation of cloud computing. 


 in contrast, there should be some progress, from single application to SOA services to micro services. SOA has been service-oriented. Microsoft has made these services more detailed and specific. Each of them has more good functions. This is the change of the architecture behind it. 


 some time ago, we all heard that whether open source or Amazon started to push the so-called container, in fact, the container corresponds to the migration to micro services. What are the characteristics of the container? It completely corresponds the development process with microservices and can have smaller functional modules. It can make these functions relatively independent, and manage them quickly. Each service can be upgraded and adjusted separately, and the whole relevance can be reduced. It is a very fast and good method. 


 what is a container? In fact, container is to make further efforts on the basis of privatization and virtualization. As we all know, virtualization virtualizes the operating system. It has nothing to do with the hardware, and it is also weakly related to the operating system. Get ready for the container. A container enables the application to be deployed on it. It can get rid of all the following constraints. Hardware certainly doesn't matter. It doesn't matter at the operating system level. This is the concept of container. Therefore, some new contents need to be managed at the container level. For example, how to manage a container and how to integrate its pipelines. For Amazon, it launched ECS has been called a flexible service for quite a long time. It has done a good job in basic functions of container. The difference between it and open source may be that open source projects may look good, but they may not be complete. An enterprise helps to straighten out and adjust these functions thoroughly, and they are easy to use. 


 the second difference is that it and other services form a good aws d 17.1 system, which may be more effective. Recently, I saw the container on Amazon's cloud. In addition to being able to be deployed individually, it is further clouded. Why is it elastic? It can be deployed in the cloud, and there are two available in the area. The concept is that different data centers in the same city have been backed up. It uses Amazon's ECS service. It can be deployed in different computer rooms of 50 km in Beijing. It can be directly deployed in zones A and B, and can be flexibly reduced. This is the same concept as virtual machine. At the container level, these services are also available, with load balancing on them, and the whole system is managed by ECs. 


 because it is cloud computing, it will use Iam, which is the identity access management of the whole user. The security requirements are directly available. Therefore, you can directly manage the roles of the tasks of those containers, which are generally divided into two parts: in addition to everyone, you can also directly define the roles of the application, and the application can directly call what it calls with decision-making and authorization. Therefore, this is a set of whole management, which is also established on containers. 


 the third step is that the content of the function is called no serverThere is a famous saying in the United States, that is to say, without any server, it will be as easy to manage as without any server at all. We all manage servers, so this sentence means that there is no server in the world, which is as easy to manage as there is no server at all, so now we have entered the era of no server. 


 Devops, integration of development, operation and maintenance. Devops needs a whole set of culture, ideas, methods and organizational structure to do well, in which a large number of automatic management tools are needed. Devops can not be realized without these tools. First of all, from the model of software, we can see that the old software delivery is sold in a box, which is obviously out of date. We can see all kinds of monitors. Now many remote controllers are voice controlled. We can see that fast software delivery makes start-ups and software companies side by side. Whoever has mastered new technology can succeed immediately. Traditional accumulation, there are hundreds of it team is not very important, but who can master new things. Amazon has launched a famous way to find Devops, which is called micro service + double pizza team. If you feed a team with two whole pizzas, your team will be too big. What does it mean? About eight people is the most effective size of a team. Each team should focus on one micro service or a group of micro services on such a large scale, and then quickly combine them together. This is the method of Devops in organizational structure. 


 Devops is an articleFrom the perspective of pizza above, he manages the quality of products and deals with related problems, who builds, who operates, Devops development and operation are integrated, and so on. Corresponding to Devops, there are two main concepts, one is continuous integration, and the other is CD. First, continuous delivery, and then continuous deployment. After that, there are continuous management, continuous monitoring and continuous improvement, which are the most important elements of Devops. What services has Amazon launched now? Because many services were newly launched at the end of November last year, and some of them are existing. From codecommit to codebuild, to codepipeline, and to codedeploy, this file deploys the whole data center, all the hardware and software, from the network to its VPC, virtual subnet, and then to the above services and applications, all in one file Deployment. 


 in the era of cloud, operation and maintenance personnel are more important than unimportant. And the ability of operation and maintenance personnel is greater than before, from the beginning to the end, there must be operation and maintenance personnel in all directions. 


 51CTO reporter will continue to bring you wonderful reports ahead of wota2017 global operation and maintenance and architecture technology summit, please look forward to it! 


 [51CTO original manuscript, please indicate the original author and the source of the cooperation site is 51 CTO.com 】

 

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